dfefew: 春節假期剩飯菜處理應注意這幾點

春節假期剩飯菜處理應注意這幾點


1 Feb 2023 at 01:06am
春節假期已過,家中的剩菜剩飯如果處理不當,重者會造成食物中毒,輕者也會給身體健康留下隱患。飯菜做得太多,接連幾頓都是吃剩飯菜的食用方法更是對健康不利。如果有剩下的飯菜需要處理,應該注意以下幾點:

第一,剩飯剩菜需涼透後再放入冰箱。這是因為熱食物突然進入低溫環境當中,食物中心容易發生質變,而且食物帶入的熱氣會引起水蒸氣的凝結,促使黴菌的生長,從而導致整個冰箱內食物的霉變。

第二,葷菜兩小時易生細菌。空氣中的有害細菌,會在兩個小時內附著在一些高蛋白、高脂肪的剩菜上繁殖,蛋白質和脂肪在細菌的作用下,大都會產生有害物質,如硫化氫、胺、酚等,這些物質對人體有害。因此剩飯剩菜在烹飪後兩個小時內放進冰箱,用較淺容器盛放,便於冷卻。

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第三,剩飯菜別過6小時。剩菜的存放時間以不隔餐為宜,早上剩的菜中午吃,中午剩的菜晚上吃,最好能在5至6個小時內吃掉它。如果食物存放的時間過長,食物中的細菌就會釋放出化學性毒素,對這些毒素加熱也無能為力。

第四,葉類蔬菜別過夜。有些隔夜菜特別是隔夜的綠葉蔬菜,非但營養價值不高,還會產生致病的亞硝酸鹽。因此,如果同時剩下不同種類的蔬菜,應該先吃莖葉類的,比如大白菜、菠菜等,不吃隔夜菜。

第五,剩菜及打包食物必須回鍋。冰箱中存放的食物取出後必須回鍋。這是因為冰箱的溫度只能抑制細菌繁殖,不能徹底殺滅它們。如果您在食用前沒有加熱的話,食用之後就會造成不適,例如痢疾或者腹瀉。尤其是春節常見的魚和海鮮類菜餚,其所含的營養也是大腸桿菌最好的溫床,因此吃時應與酒、蔥、薑等一起重新徹底加熱,不僅保鮮,還有殺菌作用。

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第六,剩飯剩菜不要置於鋁製器皿內。鋁在空氣中易生成氧化鋁薄膜,較鹹的菜餚或湯類存放其中,會產生化學變化,對身體造成不良影響,可以瓷器盛放後再用保鮮膜包上放進冰箱

此外,過年天天大餐,自然剩下葷菜較多。這些肉類食物,尤其是魚、海鮮類,再次食用前必須加熱更長時間,因為空氣中的有害細菌會黏附在一些高蛋白、高脂肪的剩菜上繁殖,如果加熱不夠,殺不死這些細菌,人一旦吃了,極易發生食物中毒。剩菜剩飯最好能在5-6個小時內吃掉。

在一般情況下,通過100℃的高溫加熱幾分鐘,就可以殺滅大部分致病菌。但是,如果存放時間過長,食物中的細菌就會釋放出化學性毒素,即使加熱,對這些毒素也無能為力。

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米飯:剩飯在冰箱存放,在低溫條件下米飯會變硬。即使冷飯再經蒸煮或用微波爐等方法加熱,也不會再恢復到原來的口感及消化吸收率。更重要的是,因為米飯、麵條等澱粉類食物容易被葡萄球菌寄生,而這類菌的毒素在高溫下也不易被分解。澱粉類食物最好在4個小時內吃完。米飯最好是隨煮隨吃,最多是隔餐,但不要隔夜。

海鮮類:魚是高蛋白食物,細菌很容易繁殖,吃剩的魚上面,大腸桿菌在20℃左右的溫度裡,每8分鐘就能夠繁殖兩倍,在五六個小時之內,上面的細菌量很多,熱不透會讓人的腸胃感到不適甚至引起急性腸胃炎。所以,吃剩魚時一定要徹底加熱。魚、貝類等海鮮食品在加熱時最好加一些酒、蔥、薑等,這樣可以提鮮,還有一定的殺菌作用,避免腸胃不適。

肉類:畜、禽等肉類再次加熱時最好加些醋。因為這類食品含有比較豐富的礦物質,這些礦物質加熱後,會隨著水分一同溢出。但這些物質遇上了醋酸就會合成醋酸鈣,這樣不僅能提高食物的營養價值,還有利於身體對營養物質的吸收和利用。

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