gfdhfdh: 乾癬關節炎有幾樣症狀乾癬關節炎病人的飲食宜忌4

乾癬關節炎有幾樣症狀乾癬關節炎病人的飲食宜忌4


26 Oct 2025 at 11:45pm
四、銀屑病關節炎的規範化治療



  銀屑病關節炎(PsA)可能出現關節結構破壞和潛在殘疾殘疾,規範化治療可阻止疾病惡化。

  銀屑病關節炎(PsA)可有多種疾病表現;相當一部分患者可能出現關節結構破壞和潛在殘疾殘疾。預後差的預測因子包括活動性發炎關節數目多,紅血球沉降率高,先前藥物治療失敗,出現關節破壞表現,功能喪失和存活品質下降。 PsA治療方法需兼顧皮膚和關節疾病,以控制發炎、阻止傷害為目標。疾病皮膚和關節表現對某些藥物的反應不同。疾病可能會緩解,但是在隨後的幾年內復發的可能性很高。 PsA患者罹患心血管疾病和死亡的風險增加。

  非類固醇抗發炎藥(NSAIDs)通常作為PsA

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的初始治療藥物。有報告指出NSAIDs可加重PsA病患皮膚乾癬表現,但未有隨機試驗證明此現象。多種藥物可用於PsA的治療,包括非生物(傳統的)改變疾病抗風濕藥物(DMARDs),一般為甲氨蝶呤(MTX),如果需要的話,來氟米特(LEF)環孢素或柳氮磺吡啶可以作為MTX的替換選擇,這些藥物均未被證實具有阻止臨床和影像學損傷的作用;生物性DMARDs,包括腫瘤壞死因子(TNF)抑制劑和人類白介素-12/23單株抗體;apremilast,一個磷酸二酯酶-4抑制劑;其他治療可能對初始治療反應不佳的難治性PsA有益。

  治療PsA的策略包括對疾病活動度和損傷性的評估;為所有患者安排軀體和技能訓練治療,包括運動指導,關節保護和適當的矯正;就疾病本身和疾病造成的精神壓力進行患者教育;指導在MTX治療三個月後,受累關節數目仍未得到改善的患者,可加用TNF抑製劑,通常根據患者對使用方法的喜好。在對TNF抑制劑治療反應不充分或有禁忌症的患者,可使用人類白介素-12/23單株抗體。應避免予以PsA患者應用口服糖皮質激素。目前缺乏關於非生物性或生物性DMARDs在阻止關節損傷進展的長期研究數據。目前缺乏關於手術應用於PsA患者的流行病學及有效性數據報告。當PsA患者出現活動受限、功能受損的關節損害時,則需要進行關節置換手術。

  目前採用評估類風濕性關節炎的測量手段對PsA患者的治療反應進行評估,雖然這些措施在用於PsA時存在一些限制。在臨床實務中,週邊關節、薦髂關節和脊椎的影像學平片可用於評估患者這些部位疾病程度和進展。

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